Бурното икономическо развитие на Пловдив след Първата световна война оформя облика на Главната улица „Княз Александър I Батенберг“, по който повечето сгради са построенни именно през 20-те години на XX век. Преди няколко месеца ви разказахме за по-интересните от тях в текст в KAPANA.BG, в който с богатството на тези сгради се осмелихме да предложим градът ни да се възприема като архитектурната ар деко столица. Днес ще се опитаме да разширим примерите със сгради извън Главната улица, тъй като Пловдив действително е богат на здания, повлияни от този стил.

Трябва да уточним, че за чист стил е трудно да се говори. Сецесионът – сградите с повече декоративни мотиви, най-вече флорални форми - плавно прелива в това, което тук ще наричаме ар деко. Флоралните орнаменти постепенно отпадат и се превръщат в ясни геометрични форми – правоъгълници, елипси, кръгове и други. Самите прозорци в даден етап са правени като по калъп – типични са тройните прозорци с един по-широк по средата и два по тесни, но също толкова високи. Много често ще открием лизени (пиластри без база и капител - т.е. имитация на колони) по фасадите, които преминават през няколкото етажа на сградата.

Улица „Княз Александър Батенберг“ (Главната) е пълна с такива сгради – някои в отлично състояние, други в много лошо. Другите части на Пловдив обаче също могат да се похвалят с постройки в тази стилистика – както административни, така и жилищни.

Една от най-красивите сгради е в ниската част на „Малката Главна“ – улица „Райко Даскалов“ на ъгъла с „Опълченска“. Сградата е с леко различаващи се фасади – като тази откъм пресечката „Опълченска“ е по-смела, най-вече с експресивния си и много типична за ар деко входна ос, със силен вертикален акцент. От няколко дни сградата, в която се помещава офис на бившите Мтел, настоящи А1, е опакована в рекламна мрежа.

По улица „Опълченска“ може да открием още няколко сгради, които са още по-далеч от чистия стил, макар и да има намеци за необичаен вертикализъм – например сградата, в която днес се помещава заведение за италианска паста и нейният съсед от изток. В същия квартал на съседната улица „Софроний Врачански“ има няколко други сгради, които повтарят тези типични за 20-те години елементи – като например сградата на община Родопи или друга срещу нея, в която доскоро бе книжарница „Нанси“.

Интересни попадения има и в по-далечни от центъра места, като жилищна сграда на улица „Цар Иван Александър“ (до „Борис Христов“). Особено интересни са сградите по склоновете на Сахат тепе, сред които особено впечатляваща е сградата на наследничка на хаджи Гьока Павлов на ъгъла на „Антим I” и „Кирил и Методий“, дал в наследство терени на трите си дъщери, издигнали къщи в много различни стилистики.

Най-красивата къща в стил ар деко, може би в цяла България, обаче е собственост на архитект Стойко Стойков. Именно той е майсторът на тази стилистика в Пловдив, но рядко достига до толкова експресивни форми, колкото в случая със собствения си дом на улица „Ангел Букорещлиев“. Къщата е шедьовър на пловдивската архитектура с уникалните си геометрични абстрактни мотиви. Интересно е, че само няколко години по-късно архитект Стойков ще изработва доста по-лаконични проекти, по-близо до стила на модернизма, като например къщата на Протохристови на площад „Стефан Стамболов“. В близост до Стойковата къща по същия склон на Сахат тепе също има красива ар-деко къща от 20-те години, встрани от днешната сграда на БНТ – Пловдив. Ар деко наследството на Пловдив е изключително богато и можем да открием навсякъде в града. Със сигурност си заслужава да се вглеждаме повече не само в сградите, богати на различни класически мотиви или богата флорална орнаментация, но и на тези елегантни и нежни издължени форми, които ни предлагат тези сгради. В следващи материали ще ви представим още от тези сгради, с които Пловдив е изключително богат.

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Всички мнения и твърдения, изразени в това или във всяко друго издание на Фондация „Отец Паисий 36“, са такива на техния автор и/или издател и не отразяват непременно възгледите на Фондация „Америка за България“ или на нейните директори, служители или представители.

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